The National Health Service (NHS) has set ambitious targets to achieve net zero carbon emissions, aiming for net zero by 2040 for direct emissions and by 2045 for emissions it can influence, including those from its supply chain.
A significant portion of these emissions, known as Scope 3, arises from indirect sources such as the procurement, production, and transportation of medications. Addressing these emissions within medication logistics is crucial for the NHS to meet its sustainability goals.
Understanding Scope 3 Emissions in Medication Logistics
Scope 3 emissions encompass all indirect emissions that occur in the value chain of an organisation, excluding those from purchased energy. In the context of NHS medication logistics, these emissions originate from:
Manufacturing Processes: The production of pharmaceuticals involves energy-intensive processes, contributing substantially to carbon emissions.
Supply Chain Activities: Transportation and distribution of medications from manufacturers to healthcare facilities add to the carbon footprint.
Waste Disposal: The disposal of pharmaceutical products and packaging materials generates additional emissions.
Strategies for Reducing Scope 3 Emissions
Sustainable Procurement Practises The NHS has implemented measures to ensure that sustainability is a key criterion in its procurement processes. Since April 2022, a minimum 10% weighting for net zero and social value has been incorporated into all procurements.
This approach encourages suppliers to adopt environmentally friendly practises and aligns procurement decisions with the NHS's sustainability objectives.
Supplier Engagement and Carbon Reduction Plans
Engaging suppliers is vital for reducing Scope 3 emissions. From April 2023, suppliers bidding for NHS contracts exceeding £5 million annually are required to publish a Carbon Reduction Plan (CRP) detailing their emissions across Scope 1, 2, and a defined subset of Scope 3.
This requirement extends to all new procurement contracts from April 2024, promoting transparency and accountability among suppliers.
Innovative Transportation Solutions
Modernising transportation methods can significantly cut emissions associated with medication logistics. The NHS has explored the use of drones for transporting medical supplies, such as blood samples, between facilities. A recent initiative saw drones reducing transport times from 30 minutes to two minutes, offering a more efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional methods.
Waste Reduction and Circular Economy Initiatives
Minimising pharmaceutical waste and promoting recycling can lower emissions from waste disposal. Implementing take-back schemes for unused medications and adopting recyclable or biodegradable packaging are practical steps towards this goal.
Monitoring and Reporting
Establishing robust systems for tracking and reporting emissions is essential. The NHS Supply Chain has developed the Evergreen sustainable supplier assessment to evaluate suppliers' sustainability practises.
This tool aids in identifying areas for improvement and ensures continuous progress towards emission reduction targets.
Collaborative Efforts Towards a Greener NHS
Reducing Scope 3 emissions in medication logistics requires a concerted effort from all stakeholders, including healthcare providers, suppliers, and policymakers. By integrating sustainability into procurement practices, engaging suppliers in emission reduction initiatives, adopting innovative logistics solutions, and promoting waste reduction, the NHS can make significant strides towards its net zero ambitions.
Collectively, these actions not only contribute to environmental sustainability but also enhance the resilience and efficiency of the NHS supply chain, ensuring a healthier future for all.
